In the ORM framework, which step involves ongoing supervision and review of controls?

• A. Identify hazards.
• B. Assess risk.
• C. Implement controls.
• D. Supervise/review.

Answer: (D)

Ongoing supervision and review of controls is the supervision/review step. After hazards are identified, risks assessed, and controls put in place, supervision ensures those controls stay effective over time. This means watching how the controls perform in practice, confirming people follow procedures, maintaining equipment, and keeping training current. It also involves monitoring for new hazards or changes in the operating environment, and re-evaluating risk if conditions shift. If a control isn’t working as intended or a new risk appears, you loop back to reassess and adjust as needed. This continuous feedback keeps risk management dynamic rather than a one-time task.